Frame Relay is a protocol for transmitting data over a wide area network (WAN). It was designed to use across ISDN interfaces but it is now used over an assortment of other network interfaces. Once one becomes a master of frame relay design and configuration, it is much easier to obtain a strong understanding of x.25, ATM, and SMDS. Frame relay operates at the physical and data link layers of the OSI model. Frame relay is an example of packet switched technology. In a packet switched network, end stations share Read More

Configuring ISA Server Logging ISA Server, by default, creates one log file for the following activities each day: Firewall service activity Web Proxy service activity Packet filtering activity Information is logged in the ISALogs folder in the ISA Server installation folder: FWSEXTDyyyymmdd.log – contains information on packets processed by the ISA Server Firewall service. WEBEXTDyyyymmdd.log – contains information on packets processed by the Web Proxy service. IPPEXTDyyyykmmdd.log – the default is set to log deny packets only. If you want to log information on allowed packets, then you have to Read More

When end-users discuss converting files store in the JPG or JPEG image format to Word it is typically for one of two reasons: 1 – To add a JPG image to a Word document or 2 – To convert a text document that is stored in JPG format to Word format. Due to the JPG format using a “Lossy Compression” standard the amount of text that can be satisfactorily recovered will depend on the image size and quality of the document scan. For example, if the document was scanned to Read More

A Nook is an e-reader that Barnes & Noble created, which can also be used as a tablet PC. The Nook includes direct access to the Barnes & Noble website, management software for organizing stored e-books, and a desktop application through which users can browse the Internet, check their e-mail, and run third party applications. The Nook is available in the form of the original Nook as well as the Nook Color and can be found in both WiFi-only and WiFi + 3G models.   Nook vs Nook Color The Read More

ISDN BRI (Basic Rate Interface) is a standard Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) service meant for residential and small scale business Internet connections. There is another type of ISDN configuration called the Primary Rate Interface (PRI) that is designed to provide higher bandwidth. The BRI configuration defined in the physical layer standard I.430 produced by the ITU. Both the BRI and PRI are designed similarly. That is, both make use of the B and D channels for data communication, but in different combinations. B Channel or the Bearer Channel is Read More

IP address spoofing denotes the action of generating IP packets with fake source IP addresses in order to impersonate other systems or to protect the identity of the sender. Spoofing can also refer to forging or using fake headers on emails or netnews to – again – protect the identity of the sender and to mislead the receiver or the network as to the origin and validity of sent data. Basics of IP Address Spoofing The Internet Protocol or IP is the fundamental protocol for sending/receiving data over computer networks Read More

A Laser cutter is a machine that uses a laser to cut materials. The Laser Cutter works by making the laser enter through the side of the material that needs to be cut and shoots it through the axis of the beam. If a cut needs to be made and there are no edges near it, a small piercing is done before the cut. During a piercing, a high power concentrated pulse of laser beam slowly starts to make a hole, creating an edge to begin the laser cutting with. Read More

MySQL The MySQL database server is the world’s most popular open source database server. Over six million installations use the MySQL database server to power high volume websites and other mission critical business systems including industry leaders like NASA, Yahoo, The Associated Press (AP), Suzuki, and Sabre Holdings. MySQL is an attractive alternative to high cost, more complex database technology. Its award winning reliability, scalability, and speed make it the right choice for a wide range of corporate IT departments, web developers, and software vendors. MySQL offers several key advantages: Read More

When routers need to forward packets, they interpret the packets’ addresses then use the information in the routing tables to pass the packet on. Data packets contain both source and destination addresses in their packet headers. This is the information that is used when routing decisions need to be made. The destination address is compared with the local address to determine the following information on how to route the packet: Should the packet be sent up the stack on the local host? Should the packet be sent to a different Read More

JavaScript Tutorials Learn the basics of Javascript with TechFaq! Here you will find the most comprehensive list of JavaScript tutorials and resources along with questions and answers. Date Difference Tutorial This tutorial will show you how to calculate the difference between 2 dates in Javascript. Here, you will also learn how to use dates and time using javascript. Image Slide Show Tutorial Building an image slideshow has never been easy with Javacript. Aside from rollover effects, building an image slideshow is one of the easiest and the most efficient tasks Read More