The Venturi effect is the phenomenon that occurs when a fluid that is flowing through a pipe is forced through a narrow section, resulting in a pressure decrease and a velocity increase. The effect is mathematically described through the Bernoulli equation and can be observed in both nature and industry. Many industry applications rely on this effect as they need to be able to predict a fluid’s reaction when flowing through constricted piping. How does the Venturi Effect Work? The Venturi effect is similar to a jet effect, which is Read More

The Windows registry is a database that Microsoft designed to store configuration settings and options for the operating system (OS). It increases OS speed and also contains settings for hardware components, end-users, and system software to help ensure that the highest possible quality of service is delivered to th user. The registry is used as an entrance point or gateway for the Windows OS kernel and has been in use for a number of years. Although significant improvements have been made to the registry, it is still susceptible to getting Read More

QoS stands for Quality of Service. QoS is a generic name for a set of algorithms which attempt to provide different levels of quality to different types of network traffic. Queuing One method of implementing QoS is to utilize some sort of advanced queuing algorithm. Simple networks process traffic with a FIFO (First In – First Out) queue. Packets which are received first are processed first. QoS comes into play when the network admin wants to treat some packets differently than others. For example: e-mail packets can be delayed for Read More

Uninstalling a program in Windows Vista and Windows 7 is a fairly simple process: 1) Select the Start Button/Windows button on the taskbar (commonly located on the lower left corner of the screen). The start menu will appear and show a variety of options. 2) Select the “Control Panel” option, which will open up either: A drop down list with the control panel contents or The control panel window 3) If the drop down list appears, find the “Programs and Features” option on the list. If the Control Panel window Read More

PHP programmers commonly encounter the “Cannot Modify Header Information” error, which is normally displayed when extraneous white space is included in a PHP header file. When a programmer who is new to PHP encounters this error, he/she may become frustrated when trying to determine the problem’s source since the header portion of the programming that he/she has just completed normally generates it. The error can be displayed while working in any PHP-related content management system (CMS) or while writing hand crafted code. What does the Cannot Modify Header Information Error Read More

Many telephone companies maintain telephone numbers which will temporarily disconnect telephone service for testing. If your NPA is not listed, or the listing does not cover your LATA, try common numbers such as 119 (GTD5 switches) or 511. NPA Telephone Number Geography Length of disconnection 209 999 Stockton, Fresno, Lodi, CA 100 seconds 281 325 Houston, TX 3 minutes 313 xxx-9994 Ann Arbor, Dearborn, Detroit, MI (Ameritech) 1 minute 314 511 Columbia, Jefferson City, St.Louis, MO 1 minute 404 420 Atlanta, GA 5 minutes 405 953 Enid, Oklahoma City, OK Read More

The Media Center PC combines the functions of the desktop computer and the home entertainment system. As a desktop computer, it can surf the web, make documents, download programs, movies and mp3s, and use applications. As a home entertainment center, a Media Center PC user can watch and record TV shows, listen to music via surround sound, and watch movies. Furthermore, it has a progressive scan DVD player and over-the-air high-definition TV support. This type of application for a desktop computer can be seen through some of the newest products Read More

System Restore is a feature included in the Windows Operating System that lets the end-user create points that are “known good” which can be restored to in the event of a catastrophic event occurring on the computer. These events can result from a failure or crash of the operating system due to infection by computer malware or incompatibilities from new software programs installed on the PC. Many times, a user will be required to disable or turn-off system restore on the computer before removing software applications in order to prevent Read More

Trickle charging, also called float charging, is the replacement of charge lost through self-discharge. Trickle chargers work at a lower rate than quick chargers, and are used to keep a battery at full charge, not to charge it from empty. Some battery chargers use electronics to control both quick and trickle charge modes, allowing them to change modes once a battery is fully charged. Self-Discharge All batteries lose some of their charge over time without any connection between the contacts. The rate of self-discharge depends on the type of battery Read More

Our subnet calculator which runs under Microsoft Windows so that it can be used even when you are disconnected from the Internet.  The subnet calculator supports both CIDR (Classless Internet Domain Routing) and wildcard masks. To use this subnet calculator, you will need to install Java on your computer.