A multivibrator is a device that changes between two states and its own design or an external force powers it. For example, a weight that is placed on a suspended spring will extend the spring to its maximum length as gravity weighs down on it. When the spring is stretched to its maximum length, however, it snaps backs and pulls the weight with it until the spring has recoiled to its original length. When this occurs, gravity and the weight’s potential energy cause the spring to extend again, repeating the Read More

Many webmasters want to make JavaScript links instead of HTML links because they believe this will “conserve PR”. This is an unresolved argument among search engine optimization specialists. A normal HTML link looks like this: <a href=”http://www.byteguide.com”>ByteGuide</a> And works like this: ByteGuide A JavaScript link looks like this: <a href=”javascript:var handle=window.open(‘http://www.byteguide.com’)”>ByteGuide</a> And works like this: ByteGuide An Alternative to JavaScript Links An alternative to JavaScript links is to create PHP-scripted links. To create PHP-scripted links, try the Via toy from SEO-Toys. PHP is a server-side technology, and does not rely Read More

The conversion from basic to user defined data types can be done using constructors. Consider the following constructor: .cf { font-family: Lucida Console; font-size: 9pt; color: black; background: white; } .cl { margin: 0px; } .cb1 { color: green; } .cb2 { color: blue; } .cb3 { color: maroon; }   String :: String(char *a) { length = strlen(a); s = new char[length+1]; strcpy(s,a); }   The above constructor definition is used to construct a String type object from a char * type variable. The String class has two data Read More

Alternative Newsgroups (ALT Newsgroups) are devoted to specific (sometimes controversial) topics. ALT newsgroups are rarely moderated and almost anyone can create one. A newsgroup is like a forum where participants can reply to previous posts and follow a newsgroup relevant to their interests by subscribing to it free of charge. Since ALT newsgroups are rarely moderated, participants can also create their own newsgroup about anything, from ranting or raving about a movie to informing others about a current political issue. Other Usenet users can access and react to the participant’s Read More

The Virtual Fence proposal is a project funded by the United States aimed at curbing the number of illegal immigrants and smugglers entering into the United States through the Canada and Mexico borders. This plan is part of the Secure Border Initiative which aims to enhance the effectiveness of the physical fencing already present in these borders. Components of the Virtual Fence Components of the Virtual Fence project includes border control vehicles equipped with state of the art computers, unmanned aerial vehicles, high powered cameras, including infrared cameras capable of Read More

The iPhone, which Apple created, is a media device that combines the functionality of a phone, computer, camera, and media player. It features touchscreen technology that allows users to browse the Internet, select files, and run applications by simply touching the screen. The iPhone also supports Bluetooth technology and wireless Internet in order to allow the user to access the Internet and file sharing services from anywhere within the user’s network service range. However, the iPhone’s most important feature is its ability to store and access files in the same Read More

By using a torch and solder–a metal alloy that melts at around 90 degrees Celsius up to 400 degrees Celsius–connecting two copper pipes together has never been easier. As the solder melts, it fills into the tiny spaces between two copper pipes and applies a force that holds it firmly in place. Once this is done, there can be a leak free seal between two copper pipes or a pipe and a connector. Soldering Copper Pipes Properly To begin with, make sure that you have a torch and solder. Without Read More

The MTU (Maximum Transmission Unit) is the size of the largest datagram that can be sent over a network. If a datagram is larger than an MTU, the datagram must be fragmented into multiple smaller datagrams. Default MTU Sizes Most network technologies have default MTU sizes which may be changed by the network administrator. Network Default MTU PPP 296 X.25 576 IEEE 802.3 1,492 Ethernet 1,500 FDDI 4,352 4Mb Token Ring 4,464 16Mb Token Ring 17,914 Hyperchannel 65,535 The term PMTU (Path MTU) is sometimes used to describe the MTU Read More

It can be very frustrating when mass forwards clutter one’s e-mail inbox. Sometimes simply replying to the forwards and asking to be removed from the list is effective, but when it is not there is the option of blocking the e-mail address that the forwards are coming from. Blocking an e-mail address is not as effective for spam as it is for forwards. People who send spam can use a new address (domain) for nearly every e-mail they send out. Only block e-mail addresses of individuals who send e-mails that Read More

MKV, or Matroska Multimedia Container, is an open source, file container format. MKV files are able to store an unlimited number of video, audio, and subtitle files within one file. Matroska files use the .MKV file extension for video files that contain audio and video, the .MKA file extension for audio files, and the .MKS file extension for subtitle files. MKV files are often used to store small collections of videos or multiple parts of the same video. Because of their ability to store an unlimited number of subtitle files, Read More