A SAN (Storage Area Network) is a network specifically dedicated to the task of transporting data for storage and retrieval. SAN architectures are alternatives to storing data on disks directly attached to servers or on Network Attached Storage (NAS) devices that are connected through general purpose networks. In order to meet the storage system’s demands, enterprises apply SAN to increase the system efficiency and capacity expansion. According to SNIA (Storage Networking Industry Association), SAN is: SAN’s purpose is to transmit data between storage systems or storage systems and client servers. Read More

TVRO stands for "TV Receive Only", but that really does not give you a good sense of what TVRO is. The term TVRO is used to describe both Free To Air satellite and paid programming over similar equipment. Free To Air satellite is unencrypted. TVRO premium analog channels are encrypted using VideoCipher II RS. TVRO premium digital channels are encrypted using Digicipher II. TVRO programming is encoded with MPEG-2. TVRO Programming For free TVRO programming, see What is Free To Air? Paid TVRO programming is available from National Programming Service Read More

Wireshark Wireshark is the world's foremost network protocol analyzer, and is the de facto (and often de jure) standard across many industries and educational institutions. Wireshark has a rich feature set which includes the following: Deep inspection of hundreds of protocols, with more being added all the time Live capture and offline analysis Standard three-pane packet browser Multi-platform: Runs on Windows, Linux, OS X, Solaris, FreeBSD, NetBSD, and many others Captured network data can be browsed via a GUI, or via the TTY-mode TShark utility The most powerful display filters Read More

In these modern times of information and data, everyone seems to have something to say. Most people find that the Internet provides more than enough outlets for sharing thoughts and ideas through the use of websites, blogs, social networking sites, and similar venues. Some people, however, want a more organized manner of expressing themselves. These people write their thoughts down in essays, articles, and seemingly endless pages of text. To formally organize these expressions, text must be formatted into a book and printed so that it may be shared with Read More

Variable speed drives, which are sometimes referred to as variable frequency drives, regulate an electric motor’s torque output (speed and rotational force). These drives significantly increase an electric motor’s efficiency by controlling the power fed into the machine based on the current demand or work required. As a result, the motor is not driven at full capacity except when needed, which significantly increases energy savings and prolongs the motor’s life. Why Variable Speed Drives were Invented In today’s corporate and industrial environments, millions of motors are used for tasks such Read More

How to Copy an Audio CD A CD can hold up to 80 minutes of uncompressed audio. Because of that, it is still a favorite for recording studios to put music on. Copying an audio CD is possible now with burning software and the necessary hardware built into the computer. To copy an audio CD, all you need is to the original CD, your computer to have a CD burner and then a blank CD that can hold the audio. The first step is to put the CD into the Read More

Fonts are typefaces that we see on the monitor screen. Arial and Times New Roman are examples of fonts, and they outline the shape of the characters that appear on the screen. A font could be a serif font or a sans serif font and can be used in several different sizes. There are basically three types of fonts: TrueType fonts that you can use on any version of the Microsoft Windows operating system. OpenType fonts that you can use with Microsoft Windows 2000 and later versions. PostScript Type1 fonts Read More

Acesulfame potassium (Acesulfame K or Ace K, where “K” is the elemental symbol for potassium) is commonly used as an artificial sweetener or flavor enhancer. It is used in low calorie food products as it replaces sugar and other natural sweeteners that commonly add large amounts of calories. Acesulfame potassium’s trade names include “Sunett” and “Sweet One” and has the additive code E950 in the European Union. It looks like a white crystalline powder when pure. Acesulfame potassium’s chemical formula is C4H4KNO4S and is technically a potassium salt. Why is Read More

The act of searching for WiFi networks with a laptop or mobile device while driving is referred to as wardriving. The term originated from “wardialing,” which came from the hit movie War Games in which random phone lines that were connected to a modem were searched for. Although wardriving was originally developed in order to search for unprotected Wireless networks, the current practice of mapping unprotected networks with GPS location data was developed in the spring of 2001. What is Wardriving? Wardriving captures information about network and Internet usage. Although Read More

Deleting an Element from the Heap Deletion always occurs at the root of the heap. If we delete the root element it creates a hole or vacant space at the root position. Because the heap must be complete, we fill the hole with the last element of the heap. Although the heap becomes complete, i.e. it satisfies the shape property, the order property of heaps is violated. As the value that comes from the bottom is small, we have to perform another operation to satisfy the order property. This operation Read More