Modem Command Function AT Command line prefix. The ATtention command precedes all other commands listed below except for A/ and the escape code. For example, the command DT would be typed ATDT. A/ Repeat last command(not to be preceded by AT) A The modem is set to answer mode and goes offhook immediately. Answer without waiting for ring. Bn Bell mode – set 1200 bps protocol compatibility Selects V.22 or Bell 212A in the 1200bps mode. n=0, CCITT V.22 with 2100Hz Answer Back Tone. n=1, Bell 212A with 2225Hz Answer Read More

APOP  (Authenticated Post Office Protocol) is an extension of the traditional POP used for email authentication. The POP allows one’s username and password to be authenticated with an email server. It does so by transmitting the user’s account password in plain text over the Internet, which puts his/her security at risk. The APOP encrypts passwords when transmitting it over a network or the Internet. The extended protocol keeps others from using password sniffing or other hacking techniques to steal email passwords when they are transmitted. How does APOP Work? Both Read More

Searching A tutorial that tells about searching. Provides links to tutorials on binary and linear searching. Sorting A tutorial that provides an overview of sorting techniques. Major sorting techniques are discussed, including quick sort, merge sort, insertion sort and heap sort. Singly Linked Lists The basics of linked lists are explained with illustrations. The tutorial goes on to explain and provide implementations of traversing, searching, inserting and deleting in a singly linked list. Doubly Linked Lists A tutorial that covers doubly linked list concepts and the operations that can be Read More

The Routing Information Protocol (RIP) is the IGP standard protocol that is used on Local Area Networks (LANs). It helps to ensure a higher degree of network stability by quickly re-routing network packets if one of the network connections goes offline. When the RIP is active on a network, users experience little to no service interruptions due to single router, switch, or server outages if there are sufficient network resources available to continue routing network traffic. When was the Routing Information Protocol Invented? C. Hedrick of Rutgers University invented the Read More

BOOTP is the Bootstrap Protocol. The BOOTP protocol is utilized by diskless workstations to gather configuration information from a network server. The information provided by the BOOTP protocol is: The IP address which should be utilized by the diskless workstation The IP address of a server which will provide an Operating System image for the diskless workstation The filename of an Operating System image which the diskless workstation should boot BOOTP workstations are identified by their MAC addresses. The BOOTP protocol utilizes UDP ports 67 and 68. Additional Reading on Read More

While millions of people watch television each day, many of them are not quite sure how the technology works. Television has been around for many decades and although some of its components have changed over the years, the way in which television broadcasts work is pretty much the same. Elements of Broadcast Television There are a several major parts that are required in order to receive television broadcasts. They include an image source, a sound source, a transmitter, a receiver, a display device, and a sound device. Image Source The Read More

Real-time locating system, otherwise known as RTLS, is a technology that is interconnected with GPS. An individual can attach a receiver to something they are shipping and then, at any given time, know the exact location of that item anywhere in the world due to the RTLS technology. In other words, RTLS allows for shipping companies to keep a consistent track on their shipments so they can offer clients a more detailed delivery expectance time. While it is still newer technology, RTLS is quickly gaining momentum in the United States Read More

If you’re still using a floppy disk drive, here are ways you can repair it if you have problems with it. New Computer For new computers with drives that won’t work try the following: Check the ‘troubleshooting’ list of common problems and see if there is a solution there. Make sure there is power going to the drive and inspect its power connection. You may need to buy a new connector. Check that the cable connecting the floppy drive is properly connected and is not crimped. Newly Installed Drive Be Read More

File Includes in PHP Tutorial This tutorial shows you how to include files in PHP in just a few easy steps. There are four core constructs for including files into your PHP scripts. The main objective is for you to create code in separate files and then be able to use that code to include functions, variables etc., in other PHP scripts. You have two main options. To include() a file or to require() a file. We'll get into the specifics in a moment and you'll quickly understand what the Read More

Incident management is a process area found within the ITIL check lists. The goal of any incident management process is to effectively and quickly get a business back to normal service operation. This way, a business’ operations are not impacted as severely. This results in a higher level of service quality. According to ISO 20000, the most important objective of an Incident management team is to “restore agreed service to the business as soon as possible or to respond to service requests.” What is an Incident? An incident is the Read More