Swarm intelligence is the term used to denote artificial intelligence systems where collective behavior of simple agents causes coherent solutions or patterns to emerge. This has applications in swarm robotics. A population of unsophisticated agents interacting with their environments and each other makes up a swarm intelligence system. Because there is no set of global instructions on how these units act, the collective interactions of all the agents within the system often leads into some sort of collective behavior or intelligence. This type of artificial intelligence is used to explore Read More

An MKV player is a media player that is capable of supporting the MKV and MKA file formats. Both of these file formats are based on the Matroska Media Container that allows audio and video clips to not only be run independently but also as one synchronized file. MKV is used for Matroska video files while MKA is used for Matroska audio files, but both file formats are usually referred to as simply MKV. The following is a list of media players that are capable of playing MKV files. VLC Read More

Data entry refers to someone transferring/transcribing information into a computer application such as a spreadsheet, word processor, or database. Some common formats that require data entry include handwritten forms/documents, print-outs from other data storage programs, patient data at doctor or dentist offices, and personal data such as names and addresses. The data entry field ranges from full-time employees that do nothing but transfer information to computer programs and project managers who have the occasional need to conduct data entry tasks. Need for Data Entry Since the invention of the typewriter, Read More

A codec is a device or program that has the ability to perform encoding and decoding on a digital data stream.Codecs are able to encode and decode files for viewing or editing a stream or signal for transmission, storage or encryption. They are often used in video conferencing and some streaming media applications. This was in an effort to compress files small enough to be readily transmitted across non-broadband networks and kept on slightly more expensive media, such as non-volatile memory and hard disk as opposed to formats such as Read More

The concept of a home theater is excellent if you want to enjoy the cinema experience from the comfort and convenience of your home. If you are looking to build your own home theater, here are some recommendations. Choose a Room The size and location of your room will have definite consequences on how and when you enjoy your home theater. For instance, make sure your room is big enough so that you can install a large screen TV, surround sound speakers and furniture for you and your friends to Read More

A BIN file is a type of data file that can be used for a wide variety of applications. BIN files are similar to CUE and ISO files, but are used in a slightly different way. A BIN or “binary” file is a combination of a word processing file and a data file, allowing applications to save information in this format. While a wide variety of software use BIN files, they are also found in the Windows Registry and can contain viruses. Therefore, a BIN file should never be opened Read More

Generic.dx is a rather common trojan virus that infects the computer and weakens its security in order to allow other viruses and malicious software to infect the computer. It enters the computer via an email that the user opens, a website he/she visits, or a third party software that he/she downloads and installs. Generic.dx trojans tend to hide rather well, but can be eliminated with anti-virus software. Typically, Generic.dx trojans can be found in the primary hard drive’s Programs Files folder.   How Generic.dx Trojan Works Generic.dx trojans begin by Read More

DNS Server and DNS Server Roles Overview Before DNS, HOSTS files were used to resolve host names to IP addresses. The HOSTS files were manually maintained by administrators. The HOSTS file was located on a centrally administered server on the Internet. Because of the shortcomings of the HOSTS files, DNS was designed and introduced. From the days of Windows NT Server 4.0, DNS has been included with the operating system. DNS is a hierarchically distributed and scalable database. DNS provides name registration, name resolution and service location for Windows 2000 Read More

Pulse Code Modulation (PCM) was pioneered by the British engineer Alec Reeves in 1937. The first transmission of a message using PCM was the SIGSALY voice encryption equipment used in high-level Allied communications during World War II starting in 1943. The original primary application for PCM was to convert analog signals into digital format by taking samples of wave forms that fall within 8 to 192 KHz and converting them into a digital number 8 to 24 bits long. In short, PCM refers to the technique of digitalizing an analog Read More

A PDF (Portable Document Format) file is a word processing document in which text, images, and notes can be organized and displayed in the form of an electronic book. PDF files allow users to highlight text, organize content in the form of page numbers and chapters, and insert notes, fonts, and images. They differ from other word processing document types due to their lack of dependency on any particular application, software, or operating system. Adobe Systems created the PDF format in 1993 and it has been in popular use ever Read More