A pointer is a variable that holds the memory address, usually a location of another variable in memory. The use of pointers is critical for the successful programming in C++. The three reasons that support this are, Pointers provide the means through which the memory location of a variable can be directly accessed and hence can be manipulated in any way. Pointers support dynamic allocation routines. Pointers can improve the efficiency of certain routines. Since pointers hold memory location of another variable and also facilitate dynamic memory allocation, we must Read More

A diode is a solid-state device that allows current to flow in only one direction, a process known as rectification. Diodes are a fundamental component of electrical circuits. They are also used to form other components, such as the bipolar transistor which uses two diodes in series. History of the Diode Thermionic rectifiers were discovered in 1873 by Frederick Guthrie, and later rediscovered by Thomas Edison in 1880, while crystal rectifiers were discovered in 1874 by Karl Braun. It wasn’t until 1919 that rectifiers were renamed diodes by William Eccles, Read More

A key concept in data storage is that it is linear, logical, and systematic in nature. When someone ‘saves’ data to the hard disk, the disk will follow a logical system. A hard disk can be compared to a large, square piece of graphing paper composed of squares, a thousand long and a thousand wide. Each square can accommodate one kilobyte of data and thus a ‘strip’ having a thousand squares can store one megabyte of data. In such a case, the disk head will ‘fill’ in the upper leftmost Read More

An interactive whiteboard is a digital device capable of interacting with a computer and projecting images in a screen. This device is used for visual presentation in classrooms, workgroups and business meetings. An interactive whiteboard needs to be connected to a computer which generates the actual images or data which are then projected to the board. Most interactive whiteboards have keyboard and mouse functionalities, but some models are capable of whiteboarding functions like character recognition so notes can be written or recorded on the physical board itself. How it Works Read More

MacBook and MacBook Pro notebooks from Apple all use either a Mini-DVI, a Mini-DisplayPort or a Thunderbolt port for connecting display devices. MacBooks from 2008 and prior use Mini-DVI, those from 2009 till 2011 use Mini-DisplayPort, and those since 2011 use the new Thunderbolt port. If your TV doesn’t have these ports, and chances are it doesn’t, you will need an adapter to connect your TV to your MacBook or MacBook Pro. Almost all digital TVs today have either an HDMI port, a VGA port, a DVI port or all Read More

Capacitive reactance is a term used to describe an effect in capacitors that causes the capacitor’s resistance to change depending on changes in the electric field passing through it. Capacitive reactance is similar to resistance in that it can allow or block varying amounts of voltage in a circuit, but is different because it is dependent on changes in frequency rather than changes in current. Capacitive reactance can be applied to various electronic devices, which include circuits that change frequency on a regular basis.   How Capacitive Reactance Works Like Read More

A Java decompiler is a special type of decompiler which takes a class file as input and produces Java source code as output. Java Decompilers Jode JODE is a Java package containing a decompiler and an optimizer for java. This package is freely available under the GNU GPL. The bytecode package and the core decompiler is now under GNU Lesser General Public License, so you can integrate it in your project. The Jode Java decompiler reads in class files and produces something similar to the original java file. Of course Read More

The Java Virtual Machine (JVM) is a collection of software programs and data modules that forms part of the Java and Java 2 platforms. JVM works across all platforms and it alters Java bytecode into machine understandable code and executes it. It acts as a clone of a Java processor allowing Java bytecode to be implemented as an action or as a system call. JVM is a vital building block of the Java platform, as it enables Java code or applications to be executed across platforms. The JVM recognizes and Read More

A DLL (Dynamic Link Library) consists of instructions to operate hardware units, system, utility, and application software. A DLL is a type of executable file that cannot be executed manually. Only other executable files such as .exe or .dll can execute it. Typically, Microsoft Operating Systems do not allow users to view .dll files (or various other system files for that matter) until they opt to “Show hidden files and folders” in the folder containing .dll files. To do this in Windows XP follow these steps: Open a Windows Explorer Read More

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