In C++, file input/output services are implemented through a component header file available C++ standard library. This header file is fstream.h . In C++, a file, at its lowest level, is interpreted simply as a sequence, or stream, of bytes. One aspect of the file I/O library manages the transfer of these bytes. At this level, the concept of a data type is absent. On the other hand, file, at the user level, consists of a sequence of possibly intermixed data types – characters, arithmetic values, class objects etc. A Read More

Macrovision is a company that sells copy protection products. The company's first product was a copy protection system for VHS tapes, which was also known as Macrovision. For a detailed look at that system, read Antti Paarlahti's Macrovision FAQ. The Macrovision copy protection system was later extended to DVDs. Macrovision is designed to prevent DVDs from being copied to tape. How Macrovision Works Macrovision works by making modifications to the video signal, including: Automatic Gain Control: Macrovision inserts pulses into the vertical blanking signal. This confuses the synchronization and automatic-recording-level Read More

A web browser is, as the name suggest, a program used by a computer to browse the web. It is responsible for retrieving, presenting and sending information from the World Wide Web. For example, a web browser contacts the server a website has, receives the code, translates it into something that can be viewed and then, when the user submits something, it sends that information back. In 1993, the NCSA Mosaic web browser was released. This was the first graphical web browser and it caused an explosion in Internet use. Read More

The need may arise to use a nonstandard connection with a device. Such a need can occur when a Firewire connectible device is used in a USB connector or vice versa. An adapter is the most useful option for those who need to connect a Firewire device to a USB port or a USB device into a Firewire port. Hub Devices Hub devices are designed to add additional ports to the computer via a USB interface. The hub hardware can connect the Firewire device and the computer when it is Read More

Cisco VPN error 412 occasionally occurs when using the Cisco VPN client. The exact error message may differ between versions of the Cisco VPN client, but will be similar to this: Error Secure VPN Connection terminated locally by the Client. Reason 412: The remote peer is no longer responding. Causes for Cisco VPN Error 412 There are many error 412 causes, including: Poor network connection. Packet delay or loss can force the VPN session to drop. Hardware failure in a network interface card or network device. A firewall or ACL Read More

One of the things that many computer users do once they record or download a video is edit it to fit their needs. Whether someone is making a home movie, creating a mash up, or adding features such as subtitles, he/she will need to edit the video file. Here are some tips on editing one of the most common video files available – WMV. What is a WMV File? Before playing WMV files, it is important to know a little more about this format. Microsoft originally developed the WMV (Windows Read More

Hertz is the International System of Units (SI) base unit of measurement for frequency. Hz is the standard abbreviation for hertz. One hertz is defined as “one complete cycle per second,” and can be applied to any periodic event, but is usually applied to sound waves, electrical current, and radio waves. The hertz is the frequency of the cyclical waves in these phenomena. History of the Hertz In 1930, the International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) named the Hertz after Heinrich Hertz, a German physicist. In 1960, it was adopted by the General Read More

What is Remote Assistance Remote Assistance is a program in Windows that allows a user to connect to another user's computer and communicate with that user, share files, and take control of the user's computer if given permission. Remote Assistance is most widely used by computer technicians because it allows them to access a customer's computer and fix problems without having to actually visit the customer in person. This is exceptionally good for computer repair stores that take customers abroad as it can potentially save the customer the hassle of Read More

OneCare is Microsoft's first foray into the computer security arena; it is therefore a product that has some good features with some bugs to filter out. Windows OneCare is an antivirus product that offers a complete security system and it includes a firewall, antispyware, antivirus, backup and restore and a PC tune-up utility. You have the ability to can pick and choose which files you want to scan. There are no customization features on OneCare but other antivirus products usually have. Windows Live OneCare also has a component that will Read More

If you are using Yahoo Messenger With Voice, you have the option of using your Yahoo ID profile or creating up to five different profiles. A Yahoo Messenger profile is a unique way of creating a short homepage to let people know information about you. By creating different profiles, you can select a different one while using Yahoo services. For example, if you are using Yahoo Messenger, you can create a business profile with information containing your business website and services offered by your company. Another example would be to Read More