A known plaintext attack is an attack where the cryptanalyst has access to the ciphertext and the plaintext of one or more pieces of data. A known plaintext attack is somewhat easier to mount than a chosen plaintext attack, because a known plaintext attack does not require the cryptanalyst to be able to feed data into the encryption device, it only requires him to know what data is being fed into the device.

Mounting is a term in computer science that refers to placing a file in a “virtual disk” that allows users to play games and access other programs without a physical CD or DVD. Games and software that are mounted in a virtual disk function in the same way as they would via a physical disk because a virtual disk allows the computer to process the data in the same way a CD or DVD player would. Mounting is very easy, but may seem complicated to inexperienced users.   Where to Read More

A satellite phone is a mobile telephone which communicates using satellites instead of using cell towers. Three major satellite phone networks are currently in operation: Iridium Globalstar Thuraya Iridium The Iridium network uses 66 low earth orbit satellites in polar orbits 485 miles above sea level. The use of low earth orbit satellites helps minimize round-trip-time, which greatly improves the perceived quality of the phone call. The Iridum network is able to provide complete global coverage. There is no spot on the Earth where you will not be able to Read More

SMS (Short Message Service) is a service that most mobile devices provide. It allows mobile device users to communicate with their friends and family via text messages. SMS is also used to send pictures and videos and may be able to process other phone files such as emoticons and audio files. Unlike other communication methods such as Bluetooth and Internet access, SMS uses standard radio transmissions between cell phones and cell phone towers, much like regular cell phone calls, in order to send text messages, videos, pictures, audio files, and emoticons from Read More

MMS, Multimedia Messaging Service, is a widely used communication channel over mobile phones to send and receive multimedia like images, ringtones, and videos. Most modern mobiles phones are MMS enabled. To use MMS service on your mobile phone, you need to do 2 things: Activate the MMS Service from your Service Provider. Upon activation by the Service Provider, you will receive MMS settings which need to be setup in your mobile phone. The process to setup MMS in your mobile phone will differ from one Service Provider to another. Every Read More

The Krebs cycle is named after German Biochemist Hans Adolf Krebs. The Krebs cycle refers to the variety of chemical reactions that happen within animal cells. Humans and animals utilize the Krebs cycle to process oxygen via respiration. The Krebs cycle also produces two byproducts: Carbon Dioxide (CO2) – Used oxygen atoms bind with carbon atoms and are exhaled as CO2 which is a waste byproduct. Adenosine Triposphate (ATP) – ATP is a high energy compound that is used in our protein synthesis process. With ATP, animals can create protein Read More

How to Prevent Caching The web documents, media and other web resources that are retrieved by a web browser are often saved, or cached, locally on the user’s hard drive. Caching reduces load times when a user browses the Internet by reducing the amount of new data that needs to be transferred. The next time the cached media or web resource is requested, the web browser may load the local (cached) file instead of downloading it over the Internet. Caching may be desirable for web content that doesn’t change often, Read More

One of the many features that Google offers to users is their maps program called Google Maps. Similar to MapQuest, this service allows people to get directions from point A to point B as well as provides numerous different routes based on their users’ needs. Not only does Google Maps help users to get from point A to point B in car, they also provide information about using public transportation. Specifically, users can determine which train they have to take and how long it is going to take using that Read More

MRI video goggles were designed to assist Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) patients from experiencing the effects of claustrophobia by providing 3d video and audio. The goggles immerse the patient DVD video and audio assisting them in avoiding the uncomfortable feeling and mental anxiety of being in a very small contained area for a period of time. It is expected that the experience will also assist the patient in relaxing during the exam, assisting the technician in getting a better scan result. The experience The goggles produce a video image that Read More

Exceptions are of two kinds, namely, synchronous exceptions and asynchronous exceptions. Errors such as "out-of-range index" and "over-flow" belong to the synchronous type exceptions. The errors that are caused by events beyond the control of the program (such as keyboard interrupts) are called asynchronous exceptions. The proposed exception handling mechanism in C++ is designed to handle only synchronous exceptions. The purpose of the exception handling mechanism is to provide means to detect and report an exceptional circumstance or condition, so that appropriate action can be taken against it. The mechanism Read More