A wide variety of Wi-Fi software tools are available. These tools for Wi-Fi perform functions such as: Wireless network discovery Wireless network mapping Wireless network traffic analysis Wireless network RF signal strength monitoring Wireless network encryption cracking Wireless network custom frame generation Dictionary or brute force attacks against wireless networks Denial of Service (DoS) attacks against wireless networks These Wi-Fi software tools are available for a variety of platforms: Wi-Fi Software Tools for Multiple Platforms Wi-Fi Software Tools for Windows Wi-Fi Software Tools for Unix Wi-Fi Software Tools for Mac Read More

A PRI (Primary Rate Interface) is a telecommunication standard used in the Integrated Services Digital Network or ISDN for carrying multiple DS0 voice and data transmissions between two physical locations. PRI was developed specifically for industrial or large quantity users. It is an industrial ISDN line, while the Basic Rate Interface, or BRI, caters to home and small enterprises. Both Primary Rate Interface and Basic Rate Interface are made up of a number of B channels and D channels. The B Channel (Bearer Channel) is used for data transmission, including Read More

EtherCAT stands for "Ethernet for Control Automation Technology." It is an open standard and high performance system that aims to use Ethernet protocols (the favored system for Local Area Networks) in an industrial environment, especially for factories and other manufacturing concerns which make use of robots and other assembly-line technologies. The outstanding and unique functional principle of EtherCAT is processing the Ethernet frame “on the fly” within an EtherCAT network. Ethernet Ethernet is the established (and favored) communications standard for local area networks, originally designed to connect different computers to Read More

A wireless bridge connects two or more networks such as LANs or parts of LANs that are physically separated from each other. The majority of wireless routers on the market today feature a “Bridge” or “Repeater” mode that connects dissimilar or similar protocol types. Wireless bridges can work in a point-to-point or point-to-multi-point configuration, with the ultimate goal being to share network access or resources such as printers or scanners. The most common reason for setting up a wireless bridge is to extend a wireless network’s current range across a Read More

DNS, Domain Name System, is a complex hierarchical system which helps map Internet addresses with their respective machines over the World Wide Web. When a domain is created and hosted, a variety of information is linked with it. DNS Lookup is generally a process of digging out this related information for a specified domain name. This set of information could include pieces like domain availability, IP addresses, name servers, expiration date, registration/creation date, owner of the domain, etc. There are multiple ways to perform a DNS Lookup. Online Tools Many Read More

Zeroconf (zero configuration networking) refers to several protocols and techniques that are used together to create an IP (Internet Protocol) network with no special configuration servers or manual operator intervention. These networks allow novices to connect computers, network devices, scanners, and printers to create a functioning network without requiring manual configuration. Zeroconf does not require the user to set up Domain Name System services (DNS), Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP), or manually configure the computer’s network settings. The three primary technologies that comprise a zeroconf network are automatic resolution and Read More

The Point-to-Point protocol (PPP) originally emerged as an encapsulation protocol for transporting IP traffic over point-to-point links. PPP also established a standard for the assignment and management of IP address, synchronous (start/stop) and bit-oriented synchronous encapsulation, network protocol multiplexing, link configuration, link quality testing, error detection, and option negotiation for such capabilities as network layer address negotiation and data compression negotiation. PPP supports these functions by providing an extensible Link Control Program (LCP) and a family of Network Control Program (NCP) to negotiate optional configuration parameters and facilities. In addition Read More

An Ethernet splitter can split a single Internet connection so that two or more computers can connect to the Internet simultaneously. It can also create additional connections for other computers on a network, which can reduce the overall amount of cabling required to setup a network. Unfortunately, Ethernet splitters cannot resolve the network collision issues that may occur if the computers connected to the splitter are using the same network resources simultaneously. How to Connect an Ethernet Splitter Step 1 – Insert one end of the Ethernet splitter into the Read More

DSL, also called digital subscriber line, is a technology that delivers broadband Internet to many people's homes via their conventional telephone landline. DSL is one of two popular broadband Internet technologies used for the home market, the other being cable broadband which uses existing cable TV lines to deliver broadband Internet. Another growing technology for delivering broadband Internet to homes is Satellite Internet technology. While nowhere near as popular yet, satellite Internet technology is gaining popularity in rural areas where landlines or cable TV lines are not available. In addition, Read More

ZigBee is a wireless protocol that was developed as an International standard to enable wireless, machine to machine communication, and networks. It is considered the catalyst for constructing “Smart” enabled buildings and homes since it is based on reliable network communications, a pro-longed battery life, and can be simply operated. The ZigBee Alliance is the group of companies that worked on both the protocol development as well as the implementation of wireless communication devices that are inexpensive and have low power requirements. Why was the ZigBee Protocol Developed? The ZigBee Read More